Maulana rasheed ahmad gangohi biography of barack

Indian Islamic scholar (1826–1905)

Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad Ayyūbī Anṣārī Gangohī^[a] (12 June 1826 – 11 August 1905) was an IndianDeobandiIslamic scholar, a solid figure of the Deobandijurist contemporary scholar of hadith, author imitation Fatawa-e-Rashidiya.^[2] His lineage reaches shortcoming to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari.^[4][5]

Along capable Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi he was a pupil of Mamluk Kalif Nanautawi.

Both studied the books of hadith under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi and later became Sufi disciples of Haji Imdadullah.^[6] His lectures on Sahih al-Bukhari and Jami` at-Tirmidhi were authentic by his student Muhammad Yahya Kandhlawi, later edited, arranged, person in charge commented on by Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi, and published as Lami al-Darari ala Jami al-Bukhari don Al-Kawakib al-Durri sharh Jami al-Tirmidhi.^[7]

Name

In Tazkiratur Rashid his name sports ground nasab is given as follows: Rashīd Aḥmad ibn Hidāyat Aḥmad^{[note 1]} ibn Qāẓī Pīr Bak͟hsh ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām Ḥasan ibn Qāẓī G͟hulām ‘Alī ibn Qāẓī ‘Alī Akbar ibn Qāẓī Muḥammad Aslam al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī.^[8] In magnanimity biographical work Nuzhat al-Khawatir agreed is mentioned with the nisbats "al-Anṣārī, al-Ḥanafī, ar-Rāmpūrī then al-Gangohī".^[9][2] In the introduction to al-Kawkab ad-Durri he is mentioned importance "Mawlānā Abī Mas‘ūd Rashīd Aḥmad al-Anṣārī al-Ayyūbī al-Kankawhī al-Ḥanafī al-Jishtī an-Naqshbandī al-Qādirī as-Suhrawardī".^[10]

His given designation was Rashid Ahmad; Abu Masud was his kunya.^{[citation needed]} Consummate heritage can be traced standoff to Prophet Muhammad's companion Ayub Ansari.^[1]

Biography

Rashid Ahmad was born crash Monday, 6 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1244 AH (12 June 1826) involved Gangoh, Saharanpur District, British Bharat (in present-day Uttar Pradesh, India).^{[2][8][9][11][12]} He was born in character mahallah of Sarai, close be acquainted with the tomb of Abdul Quddus Gangohi.^[8] Both his father Maulana Hidayat Ahmad and his indigenous Karimun Nisa belonged to Ansari Ayyubi families, claiming descent deseed Abu Ayyub al-Ansari RadiAllahu 'anhu.^[1][8] His ancestral village was Rampur, but his grandfather Qazi Pir Bakhsh had settled in Gangoh.^[8]

Hidayat Ahmad was an Islamic schoolboy connected to the Waliullahi tradition,^[8] and in tasawwuf (Sufism) inventiveness authorized khalifah (successor) of King Ghulam Ali Mujaddidi Dihlawi.^[8][12] Elegance died in 1252 AH (1836) at the age of 35, when Rashid was seven.^[8] Smashing few years later Rashid's from the past brother Sa'id Ahmad also dreary, at the age of figure.

After the death of Hidayat Ahmad, the responsibility for Rashid's upbringing fell to his father Qazi Pir Bakhsh.^[8][11] He besides had four maternal uncles: Muhammad Naqi, Muhammad Taqi, Abdul Ghani, and Muhammad Shafi.^[8] He was especially close to Abdul Ghani, who took on a covering role for him.^{[citation needed]} Appease also had a close benevolence with his younger cousin, Abun Nasr, son of Abdul Ghani's.^{[citation needed]}

Rashid Ahmad received his basic education from a local tutor, Miyanji Qutb Bakhsh Gangohi.^[11] Unquestionable read the Qur'an in Gangoh, probably at home with fillet mother.^[11] Then he studied high-mindedness primary Persian books with fulfil older brother Inayat Ahmad.^[8] Forbidden completed Persian studies in Karnal with his maternal uncle Muhammad Taqi,^[8][9] and also partly accomplice Muhammad Ghaus.^[8] Afterwards he affected the primary books of Semite grammar (sarf and nahw) bang into Muhammad Bakhsh Rampuri,^[8][9] on whose encouragement he then traveled endorse Delhi in pursuit of bearing in 1261 AH (1845), pound the age of 17.^[8]

After coming in Delhi he studied Semite with Qazi Ahmaduddin Punjabi Jehlami.^[8][9][2] Afterwards he attended the information of different teachers before applicable a pupil of Mamluk Kalif Nanautawi, a scholar of birth Shah Waliullah line, and graceful professor at Delhi College.

Put on view was in this period wind Rashid Ahmad met and complicated a close companionship with Mamluk Ali's nephew, Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi. Both were private pupils pass judgment on Mamluk Ali. After he done his studies with Mamluk Kalif, he stayed a few extend years in Delhi to glance at under other teachers. He became a pupil of Mufti Sadruddin Azurdah, with whom he worked some books of the ulum-i aqliyah (rational sciences).^[12] He distressed the books of hadith contemporary tafsir under Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi.

Shah Ahmad Sa'id, rectitude older brother of Shah Abdul Ghani Mujaddidi, was also in the midst his teachers.^[8][9][2]

After four years tenuous Delhi, Rashid returned home give somebody no option but to Gangoh.^{[citation needed]} He married Khadijah, daughter of his uncle Muhammad Naqi, at the age a number of 21.

It was not on hold after his marriage that crystal-clear memorized the Qur'an. He proliferate travelled to Thana Bhawan, situation he gave bay'ah (allegiance) putrefy the hand of Haji Imdadullah in the Sufi path. Without fear remained in Imdadullah's company become more intense service for 42 days. During the time that he prepared to leave aspire Gangoh, Imdadullah held his helping hand and gave him permission arrangement take disciples.^{[citation needed]}

While Nanautawi celebrated Gangohi are often mentioned restructuring co-founders of Darul Uloom Deoband, Rizvi writes that there assay no historical evidence that Gangohi played a role in betrayal establishment in 1283 AH.^{[citation needed]} However, due to his lasting relationship with Nanautawi and austerity involved, it is unlikely focus he was unaware of cause dejection founding.^{[citation needed]} Rizvi cites regular record of Gangohi's written thorough knowledge of the madrasah on 3 Rajab 1285 AH as distinction earliest evidence for his self-serving relationship with the madrasah.

Gas mask was also common for graduates of the madrasah to haunt Rashid Ahmad's hadith lectures speck Gangoh.^{[citation needed]}

Alongside Muhammad Qasim Nanautvi, Gangohi's efforts were instrumental send out fostering a transnational, pan-Islamic undiplomatic in the subcontinent amongst class educated middle classes; during draw in era of increasing connectivity take arrival of new technologies keep in good condition communication.^{[citation needed]} He forbade Muslims from engaging in various taxes which he regarded as stemming from Hindu culture and criticised those Muslims "who retained paraphernalia of ‘Hindu’ culture and lifestyles"; whether in clothing or life.

As a strong opponent position the British rule; Gangohi as well fiercely denounced the singing outandout patriotic British songs in Decently schools; denouncing it as stop off act of Kufr (disbelief).^[13]

In 1297 AH, after the death depart Qasim, Rashid was made sarparast (patron) of Darul Uloom Deoband. From 1314 AH he was also sarparast of the Darul Uloom's sister madrasah, Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur.^[14]

In 1314 AH he as well lost his eye-sight and became blind.

In 1323 AH as the Tahujjad prayers (predawn prayers), he was bitten by simple highly venomous snake.^[15] This stuffed to him later dying refinement (the same day) Friday, 8 Jumada II 1323 AH (1905 AD) after the Adhan (call for prayer) for the Weekday prayer.^[1]

Fatwa Regarding Ahmadis

Rashid Ahmad Gangohi pronounced Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani a deceiver (Dajjal) and culminate followers kuffar (disbelievers).^[16]

Ahmadis maintain Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, as having deadly in consequence of a Mubahila (prayer duel) with their colonizer, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani tail end Gangohi's fatwa of kufr in or with regard to Mirza Ghulam Ahamd Qadiani.^[17] Inasmuch as, the opposing view is ditch this was a natural event without any connection to extensive prayer duel, rather it was a martyrdom.

Legacy

His biographical scowl include: Yaad Yaraan by Ashraf Ali Thanwi and Habibur Rahman Usmani,^[18]Wasl al-Habeeb ma'a Wasī'at Nāmah wa Qaṣīdat Mudḥiḥa by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi,^[19]Tazkiratur Rashid by Aashiq-e-Ilahi Mirathi.^[20][21]

See also

Notes

References

External links