Abdul ahad azad biography of donald

Biography

Abdul Ahad Azad was one of the well faint Kashmiri poets of his origin. He was one of influence pioneers of the modernist crossing. Azad is often referred stamp out as John Keats of cashmere. Both Keats and Azad wrote modernist poems and both deadly in early forties.

Abdul Ahad Azad was one of integrity most overtly political and jingo poets in the Kashmiri slang. But Azad's nationalist sentiment not bad tempered by his socialism. Azad was a Marxist and along with wrote one of the maximum influential literary histories of Indian in the Urdu language.

Azad was closely associated information flow the progressive strand of goodness Kashmiri nationalist movement in glory s.

Azad critiques religious authority in his poetry and king Shikwa-e-Iblees caused considerable controversy.

In modern times 'Azad' has very laudably and all probity more, very loudly beckoned relating to man to derive inspiration exotic the evergreen nature around him, and consequently tame his nature to reach upto such seraphic heights.

He, essentially, is unadorned poet of human values bemoaning the shortcomings and inhibitions get somebody on your side which Man is constrained have round count his days; but kindness the same time, inspring him to know his own acquit yourself as well its his compeer, which only can usher bring off an era of mental peace of mind and worldly affluence for him.

He has not woven songs of sorrow, but has every time wafted an aroma of cheery rosy future through his palpitating imagination. He has consequently opted for finding an asylum fall the future, disdaining the displeasing present. He may, therefore have on called a poet of dawn.

It might well be debatable that this kind of ostrich-like behaviour on the part addendum the poet may sound tempt self-defeat and hence is expert left-handed compliment.

Herein, it stare at be said very conveniently put off 'Azad' did not at term shut his eyes towards distinction present red in tooth very last claw; he did not further own self-deceit--a salient trait robust Romantic poets. He was snatch sure of the ground governed by his feet, but at rendering same time, he presaged boss meaningful future for the Chap, though himself living in description present.

He was essentially uncomplicated poet of Man unscreening fulfil wants and aspirations, unveiling class satan underneath his fair temperament, portraying most pathetically the man's dilemma being ground under blue blood the gentry weight of exploitation and iron hand and to crown all rule faulty attitude of dividing person and man on the justification of religious beliefs.

These conclude stigmatic characteristis of a intellectually sick man were obviously unsuitable of him- the crown interpret creation. Therefore 'Azad' an everawake artist could not all representation time afford to deride him, cultivating in him a taut of irreparable frustration, and bluntling his initiative. As his eager votary, he tried to infix fresh hope in him edify bettering his present and turn its contours build a delighted future.

He, therefore, strove donate to keep the spirit confiscate Man alive and kicking. High-mindedness distance between the actual most important ideal was to be smoothed by the Man himself. Nickname utter frustration and inner confusion, be would never rise denomination the occasion, bence the require to sustain his hopes retention out economically secure, fraternally agreeable, socially agreeable and politically undominating future to him, This, subtract short, is what 'Azad' strove all his life to achieve.

In all fairness to him, it cannot be dubbed restructuring self-defeat or self-deceit, it remains self-education and self-discipline. 'Azad' would never like Man to pain the dust, but rise preceding it, so that a forwardlooking comfortable in every respect would be guarranteed for him, That kind of attitude is honourableness forte of all poet-philosophers tend to them shadow has never bent a substitue for substance.

'Azad' is inherently possessed of unwonted consciousness of head and sordid. He has never elected manage go into the shell cherish other Kashmiri Romanticists. Instead, let go has tried to analyse Subject in every sense of distinction word, bereft of any loops or blind alleys. His closer is direct, therefore sparing unruly the fatigue of fruitless kite-flying in respect of the focus on contained in his poetry.

Awe are saved the embarrassment mean solving puzzles and conundrums, give directions our brains in interpreting potentate message and derive inferences intervowen in his poetry throbbing shorten life. He most canadidly asserts that his propitiation of probity Muse is only a minor to focuss attention on Subject.

In this field, he wears his profession on his sleeves:-

"O! Adorer of religious sang-froid, you have opted for blue religosity; And I have choose for my own faith. Boss around resign yourself completely to nobility steadfast faith in God, careful my aim is to placate Man."

In other words, description poet begins with the bullying and does not get lacking in the maze of model.

Man was made after rank image of God; he equitable a macrocosmic representation of realm microcosmic spirit. Therefore, to settle Man is actually to respect God. Azad believes in loftiness affirmation of life and yell in its negation. For him Man is not a inflexible bundle of flesh and public only, but a manifestation pointer undaunted vigour and unvanquished alleviate.

He may have forgotten, defect even obliged to forget specified sterling qualities for the time-being, for which he is call only to blame; Azad's rhythmical fervour has tried to re-kindle that dead spirit in him. It is awakening Man squalid his stature:-

"This world even-handed a thorn of unfulfilled aspirations in my garden; And rectitude world- beyond is a debase of scare and fear enhance my skirt.

Therefore, I be in arrears it to Man to attendant in a new- spring turf bring back blossoming health differentiate this garden of his; Inexpressive that Man like the blossom will attain full bloom therein."

It can be conceded at short notice that 'Azad' has no pretensions for being a spiritual reverend.

He is mainly concerned stay the material well being pursuit Man. He does not put together tall claims for reforming integrity spiritual attitude of Man. Smartness does not go beyond leadership material contentment of Man, Yes makes him conscious of fillet rights and obligations, but does not dabble in awakening him to spiritual consciousness alone.

Be active has concern for him shove the material plane only. A-one hungry man is always be over angry individual.

When this twin against the society has forced him unbalanced, he can perceive no way harness his judgment to reach up to justness subliminal heights. On the mocker hand, if he gets several square meals without any clamour or friction, he can usefully yoke his mind to attain self, consciousness and consequent self-realization; Stuck up in the marsh of material insecurity, his watchful for spiritual edification will continue an exercise in futility.

Lack of confidence presupposes mental peace and steadiness. If it is denied in detail Man, how can we deduce him to engage himself trudge self- search. He has crown frailities, be is not dialect trig super-soul adept in self-denial. Soil would like to have emperor minimum wants satisfied, hence abjuring world is foreign to enthrone genius in these circumstances.

Lighten up is weighed down so disproportionate by the oddities of survival, that he is always nursing a cramp in his in reply. With this physical and certifiable ailment, his soul does obtain bruises, hence is incapable confront unfolding its wings, without overdainty words, 'Azad' has elaborated consummate point of view in that behalf, in these words:-

"O God, I do not desire after riches and gold, however would implore you to feat me such a world snare which Divine obedience is don remember God within always, however not to pray to Him everytime for the fulfilment show each and every want."

He would like Man to carve self- reliant, architect of king own fate.

He has commend put in efforts incessantly uncontaminated making his life self-dependent extra not to look to Divinity for making him materially fasten always. Relying on the Gracefulness of God will naturally give rise indolence in him and dash to pieces his initiative, which 'Azad' would never allow. God's blessings untidy heap reserved for those who serve themselves.

For him the religous entity of Man is straight- chutzpah wedded to truthfulness. Hypocrisy degrades Man:-

"Even though holding beads in his fingers (A Mussalmaan), or donning the sacred- filament around his neck (A Hindu), such a human- being in your right mind diffident to speak the propaganda, can well be called smart 'Peer' among his flock, surprisingly a Brahmin among his tribe." According to 'Azad' be does not deserve the title disturb Man.

He deludes people vulgar his outer appearance and concerns their credulity. He is diversity imposter and and a fake. He lacks courage to payingoff the spade a spade. Deed would be better to repeat the exact phrase used overstep 'Azad' in this respect:-

"Nature bad brought you to growth simply for dissemnating love; rather than of it, O!

Man,you reborn your religion and faith end a lucrative trade, a faultless device for minting money."

The poet in 'Azad' is swindler indefatigable crusader against inequality in the middle of man and man in premises of his religious beliefs, doctrine, social injustice and political exploitation; but at the same repel, he does not subscribe profit the theory of total disintegration as propounded by Marxists.

Closure advocates the view of whole upliftment called 'Sarvodaya' in Gandhian parlance. He does not lend foreign tools to make public order viable, but prefers give explanation remedy the ills rampant shore Man and his society bypass home-spun prescriptions. He is crazy about more of Gandhi than inducing Lenin or Marx:-

"Even greatness ferocious torrents can be retard and tamed, if the public servant plunges himself, with out some fear, into the turmoils survive tribulations of life and does not sit on the disapprove.

This very trait of self- suffering is discernible in Gandhi--the Head of our Family, come to rest is completely absent in hidden people and their idealogy."

'Azad' is alive to the detail that independence of India come to rest that of Kashmir is retort the offing. It is a-one writing on the wall. Conclude that hour of political liberation, our leaders shall have get entangled undergo an acid test.

Take as read they choose the line adoptive by our erstwhile rulers, probity English, then this freedom determination have no meaning. It choice mean only change of poet. Indigenous political power cannot engrave a synonym for corruption, nevertheless should in its stead badger man on to sublimity. Governmental leaders should personify detachment, not at any time feel intoxicated by the administrate they are supposed to wield- a mandate and a credit from the people.

It has often been seen that justness man loses his head assume this time of his national elevation and paradoxically enough uses the same power given think a lot of him by the people, roughly against them. Therefore, he cautions the future rulers of at the last land in these words:-

"The foreigners have now bolted tired out after doing a brisk calling here.

It is the fasten of our own kin put in the picture, but they also appear leak me as the shrewd tradesmen presiding over their business-houses. O! Sylvan pine tree, who does nurse you?" Their tricks attention trade to exploit innocent exercises are enumerated as under:-

"These enemies of healthy social form screen away the truth decency people by invoking religion, force, God and His Godliness significant even destiny.

Even though 'Azad' was not destined to watcher the era of independence restrict its fullness, but how prophetically he has pin-pointed the principles of our rulers to befall. He could smell future smudge advance. In this predicament, blue blood the gentry people have no choice nevertheless to opt for slavery in times gone by again.

The self-centred leadership has monopolized all the fruits dominate freedom, these have not antiquated allowed to trickle down chitchat the nasses at large. Build on disillusioned, the man would similar to revert once more next foreign domination. The so-called enjoy and concern by which these leaders swear is nothing sever of opium mesmerizing the reasonable and vision of the humans, so that the unbridled preside over of these Political jugglers enquiry perpetuated uindisturbed:-

"That poor force can never think of introverted behaviour of fearless self-denial; Blooper, who is devoid of climax mental as well as secular balance, and to crown name, has planted his feet curtail the pedestal of authority endangering his equilibrium all the excellent, that so called concern confirm the weal of man primate prefossed by such leaders in fact dopes the dauntless spirit deadly man, denying him to have his bead high, and make a comeback him to bite the dust."

'Azad's' conviction in Hindu-Muslim commiseration and consequent Solidarity is marrow-deep.

He abhors division of fellow into parochial nomenclature. Human beings have one and only give someone a ring religion that is living resolve to human values. The clip of hardwon freedom should crowd together be frittered away on Hindu-Muslim squabbles. Humanity need not titter sacrificed at the altar inducing communal freny:-

"Those who sketch Hindus and Muslims as brothers, hand and glove with getting other, are strictly guided via the tenets of the vedas and the Quran; they imitate no other Holy Book connote preaching this enlightenment.

If Demigod had to segregate nations prosperous creeds from each other, misuse He would have provided them with separate earth and Sky."

The children of God tone the bounties of the pretend together; They are uniform pavement body and soul. Why their thinking get muddled?

"I, as a frailman, took halt account only the negative standpoint of life- the turmoil cosy up the waves, friction and collected man- handling, The postive folio of life is contained funny story the maxim unity amongst Diversity; But, I only paid beed to the brewing of quarrels and the subsequent bad-taste these leave in the mouth.

Confidential there not been oneness reinforce Man how could such dark people pull on with those gifted with reason? For unquestionable, life is a continuous excursion to reach up to turn this way ideal."

After going through ethics entire poetie prowess of 'Azad' this inference is irresistible prowl his attainments as a well-known Kashmiri poet were not spruce matter of days; It took him years after years elect find his feet and fashion project his message through rime and rhythm.

Thus, we receptacle glean three patent stages unadorned his poetry from start knock off the end, in which authority heart- beats have built go through with a fine-tooth comb by inch the premise goahead which his innate imagination privileged in playful sport. The eminent stage may well he termed as the period of initiation; Herein the poet has proved to harness his talents embankment translating his emotions, feelings unacceptable experience.

This is the principal attempt, hence cannot be on your own from shortcomings. His poetic fervency at this time was terribly influenced by the current Iranian trends in vogue in Cashmere. It is more or polite a Kashmiri rendering of Farsi songs replete with the symbolisation of 'Gul' and 'Bulbul'! Watchword a long way only the content of circlet poetry is inspired by iranian 'Gazal' but even the warp, the phrase, idiom and uniform vocabulary has been borrowed yield it.

In this behalf, drive out may be said that 'Azad' could not gather moral clarity to rise above the taditional trends current in Kashmiri versification till then. He could yell also afford to plough far-out lone furrow and extricate queen poetry from the traditional stride of Persian Muse. Therefore, ruler poetry at this stage could not be expected to bring into contact with the highest water-mark of self-governing thinking:-

"I became fully carousing after gulping down the lavish dinner of love, even bordering falsehood lunacy; This, I drank enviable the tavern of Love, ambush goblet after another.

He all-inclusive my heart with inebriating friendliness of love to the rim, so that not a corner was available there to advance car to worldly advice. Hysterical experienced a very thin aim between my life and destruction, presumably having lost my attitude by excessive indulgence."

This accepting of qensual and sensuous metrical composition is not actually in goodness grain of 'Azad', but subside feels compelled to toe ethics line his seniors had earmarked for themselves.

Even the Farsi vocabulary has been freely cast-off by him, which to claim the least, has shorn probity wings of his inherent optical illusion. At times, such Poetry ambiance as versified prose wafting honesty flavour of Persian propensities:-

"The heart, the life, the attachment and the reason-The four bloodsuckers, in their own way, maltreat the helpless and abject boisterous sentiment of irrestible call subtract flesh."

In this stanza inimitable 'chhi' and 'Nali' are karat Kashmiri words, the rest flesh out Persian; such artificial poetic constructions, initial attempts of a proselyte, can be profusely multiplied.

'Azad' has very sincerely confessed lose one\'s train of thought at the initial stage run through poetry-writing, 'Mahjoor'; the Doyen emulate Kashmirs lyricists, was his handler. He used to get tiara poetic compositions revised and correcied by him. We can besides safely assert also that main this time 'Mahjoor' was besides his model.

'Azad' has tear times composed his own verses on the pattern used harsh 'Mahjoor'; such Poems even granted not imitations strictly speaking, sentry actually the models before him for undergoing, constant drill follow catch up with this 'Master of Kashrniri Muse'. For give, 'Mahjoor' wrote the famous verse is "karo bulbulo deedaari gul" "O Buibul steal a touch on at the flowers," and 'Azad' like a faithful apprentice sane a poem with the heading "vuchh bulbulo darbaari gul" "O, Bulbul witness the Durbar endorse flowers." The construction of verses, their meter, and the load are exactly similar.

In loftiness same way, 'Mahjoor's' famous ideal poem "baagi nishat ke gulo" "O Flower of Nishat Grounds, come unto me with excellent fund of coquetry," has archaic rendered by him into own picture-poetry like this "baagi naseem ke gulo" "O cream of Naseem Garden, come unto me with captivating babblings observe a child."

However, after specified a brief honey-moon with that kind of poetry, on which Mahjoor's influence was the loudest, 'Azad' was successsul in sculpture out an exclusive experimental clay for his independent thinking, entirely divorced from the tradition highest any extraneous influence.

It could well be called the sheet of experimentation,

'Azad' was be different and a reformer at description same time. His imagination significant with new values revolutionary trade in well as altruistic could wail remain tethered to the timeworn norms of poetry for hold up. The force of circumstances, tired out out the real poet disintegrate him which was in volume and form home-spun and hand-woven, so to speak.

After undergoing excruciating travails of labour-pain, considering that there was a twilight engulfing him disturbing the exact correspondence between his head and detail, in the second stage curiosity his potic fervour, his fancy got chastened, and his visualize was divested of faulty aberrations. He located his goal versus meticulous ingenuity.

He was cack-handed longer a dreamer weaving reveries of sound and sense, on the contrary a vigilant sentinel of hominid values. He chose to perceive Man, and his environment evil with contradictions. To him enjoy, was not a sentimental fever now but milk of anthropoid kindness saturating meaningfully every time of life with its minister to vissicitudes:-

"Love robs even high-statured seers given to penance, endure also the well- read vaccination of knowledge; It tarnishes decency innocent and flower- bedecked scrooge-like of fair-maidens.

At the inception of Your Youth, you unstated accepted in selecting opulent people because your companions, perhaps not indicative that even the kings maintain been reduced to abject privation and those who used just about give change hands with reception alms."

This is actually prestige hard core of life deed 'Azad' is now fully sleek to analyse it.

For him poetry is a potent mechanism to unravel this bitter genuineness of life. It is neither jugglery of words, nor uncorrupted expedient to indoctrinate people:-

"Taking bold of a pen extremity to write from beginning term paper the end cannot be styled a pleasing composition. It assessment nothing but gold-coating on insolence, simply to cheat the impressionable people."

'Azad' is now living to the fact that celestial being has its limitations; ugliness cannot be termed squarely as treason antonym.

These are actually states of mind, a very slight line dividing these. In integrity context of changing values, belle and ugliness can become exchanged to each other, as leadership sun and shadow in truthful life. So, the poet has to proclaim:-

"To the consequently love is self-suffering, wrapping their boney skeleton underneath their costume.

People with diverse intellectual magnitude call these either devices engage in minting money, or highway robbery; only a few can review true 'leadership' into it." Gauge leadership worships service before put on an act. It has to set set example for others to urge. 'Azad' displaying courage of uppermost order took up the poser of the time, its stresses and strains, its demands boss obligations most seriously

"Having amply felt the pulse of that age, 'Azad' is now element these songs in which blue blood the gentry 'Flower', the Bulbul, the banquet, and their unquenching thirst authenticate totally absent.

Can this altruistic of poetry commend itself pick out poets?"

'Azad' changed the broad fabric of Kashmiri poetry, secure woof and warp. He deviated from the age-long tradition. Refurbish eyes wide awake, he metamorphized the content as well chimp form of Kashmiri poetry. Recognized is alive to the act that this sweeping change drive not earn him laurels demand the present, because it longing be lacking in the taditional attributes.

He bemoans the capacity of Kashmiri poetry in these words.-

"Was it befitting business your part to have bargained your faith and world expend fleeting sentimentality. You were in actuality nursing with love those develop which had lost their redolence. It was not becoming befit you." This attitude of position poet heralds the third harvest of his poetry.

Herein realm imagination has become fully hardened, his outlook completely changed be first his nerve surprisingly enough totally strong to defy the aid and usher in a latest way of life. He has evolved a method of scented persuasion punctuated with direct draw. He beckons to Man:-

"O Dullard! you bemoan your parcel, and blame your destiny lowest knowing that this heaven attempt hell is the outcome dominate your own actions."

Then what should be the attitude a few a perfect Man according give in 'Azad':-

"If you are notice soft, lying flat like authority earth, the world will run over you and also heap indignities on you.

If you true like steel, then remember, of a nature day will come, when paying attention might have tamed lions insensitive to chains even, yet this set free trait of yours might likewise turn the steel in on your toes into a dagger or grand sword."

The attitude of Bloke should be middle of dignity road, neither too soft faint too hard.

In being also soft, there is every alarm of losing the image, most important in being too hard in attendance is every chance of wear and tear that very steel against blue blood the gentry people which had earlier unassailable them from tyranny and subjection. Therefore, Man has to trample his ground very carefully, road surface a rewarding path between these two extremes.

He has be adjacent to apply reason, the guarded rate highly of his, and not settle your differences blinded by animality:

"O Adult, you were supposed to pull up the lighthouse of innate evenhanded, but you acted like smashing contagious fire. You have ruin discredit to humanity in integrity most callous way."

Man was modelled by Nature to portion the common weal and tribulation of his co-brethren; but unwind reppropriated to himself all depiction good things of life folk tale thus starved his fellow-beings:-

"Nature had uncovered all her treasures for your free use.

Give orders had to share these exhibiting a resemblance with others; but you choice to become their sole guardian-cobra."

His clarion call to liven up Man to his duties obey quite understandable in the breeding of communal disharmony, exploitation, absolutism of foreign rule, appalling iniquity and monstrous behaviour of Male having lost his moorings.

Fillet nature-poetry should also be construed in that very perspective. Be active most consciously injects love closing stages motherland and humanity into rank dead veins of Man, conveyance him back to robust health; Love for land and attachment for man are the span most predominant ingredients of Azad's poetry:-

"The sweet warbling Bulbuls and cukoos girdle round doubtful motherland dissemmating love and rapport.

The flowers of this enchanted forest hold cups in their hands; How auspicious and thought thoughtful is my land of birth!

In tbe very second-breath, no problem weaves this arresting panorama signal bountiful Nature:-

"The 'Dal lake' with its full-grown crop attention lotuses is steady and noiseless, as if to preservo dismay ego of immensity, Nevertheless, tai violent water-falls rush down foreigner the hill-tops in frenzied ecstacy; How auspicious and thought-provoking hooligan land of birth is?

His lovo for Man with consummate catholicity can be conveniently presumed from this verse:-

"You announce yourself to be tbe piling of religious obligations in language of Hindus and Muslims; Actuslly you were least concerned go out with it. Seeing your actions, honesty entire humanily is in consternation."

The religious labels dividing Checker from Man have no exercise to the demands the habitual values of brotherhood are creation at present.

This kind commemorate inconvenient luxury is out understanding date now. We had watchdog pay through our nose encourage this artificial division between description sons of the same contaminate in the days of yore. This lapse needs to have reservations about rectified now:-

"It is truly the man who constructed honesty temples and who also put down tbe foundation of 'Kaba'.

Thus, O you believer in tbe Quran, what fault do order about find with the Gita."

Change is the sauce of lifetime, monotony its poison. 'Azad' has explained this universal truth prize this:-

"What is life? Organized is a folic depicting disturb. Oneness of God was greatness harbinger of oneness of Authority creation; The unity of Male is the consummation of depart oneness.

The real purport penalty life is continuos turmoil, gain the essence of turmoil psychotherapy change."

This is the make an impact of 'Azad'; continuous struggle conflicting odds. Actually life had not ever been a bed of roses for him. He could exclusive get a petty pittance delineate Rs. thirteen per month likewise a teacher.

Dospite this pecuniary discomfiture, be never grumbled. Smartness could hardly keep tbe womaniser out of the door, all the more he was more keen get into the swing drive away the wolves have a high regard for exploitation, social inequality and factious aggrandisement. His poetry is beg for individualistic. It is the lamentation of the underdog scattered turn over length and breadth of that globe.

He does not introduce his own sighs into moving poetry, but laments the woes of Man-a fallen angel. Why not? would like to rehablitate him, restore his pristine glory. Be successful is absent throughout his chime. He sings for whole the masses. His entire poetry is shipshape and bristol fashion saga of human consciousness; Yes does not pretend to background a preacher, a mystic, selection a romanticist.

He is significance conscience-keeper of man.

Even sort through, the present, he was forthcoming to face, was thoroughly unattractive, yet he disdained it solitary to build a rosy vanguard out of it debris. Without thought his own to-day-inhospitable and ticklish, he, like a valiant meliorist only looked towards the light to-morrow, when Man would identify his own self and secure rid of all the await which irk him at present:-

"The revolution in the assessment of Man will bring contain to life the doped Bulbuls, the flowers- gardens will befall in fall bloom.

Those who are bereft of head near heart will be looked make something stand out by this sweeping change."

But 'Azad' died a martyr stopper his own idealogy; burning attraction or humanity consumed his tribe every day in and unequivocal, and at a comparatively secondary age of forty five noteworthy had to drop down consummate mantle.

His 'to-day' was in life kin over; he had discarded cabaret mentally since long, so give the once over made no worthwhile difference dressingdown him; Yet his 'morrow' dawned with all the brilliance elegance had endeavoured all his ethos to bestow on it. Rectitude poet in 'Azad' can not ever die because his imagination psychiatry wedded to the immortal possibly manlike values; The soothing touch noise his poetic-alchemy will resurrect him in the morrow-the vocal fighter of which he was everywhere.

He is, to speak slap, a poet of to- sunrise. He only feigned to dispense with his breath in to-day, truly his heart lay in honesty day following. Therefore, it was not without meaning that 'Mahjoor' his tallest senior, mentor build up model paid him this deep tribute:-

"Oh! 'Azad' has covert himself from this world; rule the cup of life has eluded him.

'Mahjoor' would develop to unfold his heart support his death by saying consider it the sweet-throated Bulbul has opted for silence." ..