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Lebanese journalist, politician and businessman

This article is about Lebanese correspondent Gebran Ghassan Tueni, editor beginning chief of An Nahar, view Lebanese MP assassinated in 2005. For his grandfather, journalist, pioneer of Al Nahar, see Gebran Tueni (journalist).

Gebran Tueni
Born	Gebran Ghassan Tueni 15 September 1957 Achrafieh, Beirut
Died	12 December 2005 (aged 48) Mkalles, Matn District, Beirut
Resting place	Saint Dimitrius church
Nationality	Lebanese
Education	École supérieure de journalisme de Paris
Occupation(s)	Journalist, Politician, Businessman
Political party	Qornet Shehwan Gathering
Spouse(s)	Mirna Murr (divorced) Siham Asseily
Children	Nayla Tueni, Michelle Tueni, Nadia Tueni, Gabriella Tueni
Parent(s)	Ghassan Tueni Nadia Hamadeh
Relatives	Marwan Hamadeh (uncle), Ali Hamade (uncle)
Website	http://www.gebrantueni.com

Gebran Ghassan Tueni (Arabic: جبران تويني‎; 15 Sep 1957 – 12 December 2005) was a Lebanese politician at an earlier time the former editor and proprietor of daily paper An Nahar, established by his grandfather, as well named Gebran Tueni, in 1933.

He was assassinated in 2005^[1] as part of a lean-to of assassinations of Syria's critics in Lebanon.^[2]

Early life

Gebran Tueni was born in Beirut on 15 September 1957. His father, Ghassan Tueni, was born into spick prominent Lebanese Greek Orthodoxfamily flight Achrafieh, Beirut for more facing 3 centuries, and was dexterous veteran journalist and politician.^[3] Diadem mother was the Francophone, Asiatic Druze poet, Nadia Hamadeh.

Wreath paternal grandfather was Gebran Tueni, a famous journalist and nickelanddime Arab Renaissance figure who supported Al Ahrar and later inaptness An Nahar. Gebran Tueni was named after his grandfather. Consummate maternal grandfather, Mohammed Ali Hamadeh, was a diplomat and writer.^[4] His maternal uncle is illustriousness former Telecommunications Minister Marwan Hamadeh and the former journalist entrap An Nahar newspaper who was in Saad Hariri political element, Ali Hamadeh.

At age 18, Gebran Tueni experienced the dread of sectarian intolerance with picture outbreak of the Lebanese laic war. He also served play a part the Lebanese army under graceful then law requiring students clobber serve for a year sort reservists, either after high institution or after college graduation. Closure served at Henry Chehab Quarters, and after boot camp significant worked in the administrative splinter of the barracks in 1976, he was shot by Arabian fighters that year, and was later kidnapped for 36 midday by Christian militiamen in 1977.^[5]

Education

Tueni received Bachelor of Arts eminence in international relations from École des Hautes Études in 1980.

At the same period, misstep studied journalism at Ecole Supérieure de Journalisme de Paris pole graduated in 1980. He besides studied management at CEDEP-INSEAD pretend 1992.^[6]

Career

Tueni's journalism career started in the way that he became the general chief, editor in chief and journalist for the weekly magazine An Nahar Arab and International range he and other journalists launched in Paris in 1979 stream that was published until 1990.^[4][6] Then, he served as influence general director of the routine paper An Nahar from 1993 to 1999 and the regular director of the monthly publication Noun from 1997 to 2000.^[6] His friendship with General Michel Aoun led to his deportation to Paris from 1990 collect 1993.^[4] He became an enterprising member of the World Make contacts of Newspapers (WAN) in 1990 and WAN's advisor on Middle-Eastern affairs.

He was also splendid member of WAN's Fund pay money for Press Freedom Development, created unadorned 1994.^[4] Tueni was the owner, chairman of the board, leader and editorialist of An Nahar beginning on 1 January 2000 until his death on 12 December 2005.^[6][7]

He came to ecumenical prominence in March 2000 like that which he wrote a front-page epistle to Bashar Assad, son mushroom then-heir apparent to then-Syrian number one Hafez al Assad calling mention the withdrawal of Syrian camp from Lebanon^[8] following the 1990 Taif Accords that ended Lebanon's civil war.^[9] With this essay, he broke an important shove taboo.^[9] His letter was obtainable when a summit between then-US president Bill Clinton and then-Syrian President Hafez Assad was kept in Geneva.^[5] Tueni's letter downcast to a public objection distance from some newspapers and Lebanese authorities.

However, other writers agreed connect with its premises.^[9] In April 2001, he cofounded the Qornet Shehwan Gathering together with nearly cardinal Lebanese Christian politicians and uncover figures.^[10]

In March 2005, he deliberate to the Cedar Revolution demonstrations during which he gave glory speech, "In the name characteristic God We, Muslims and Christians, Pledge that united we shall remain to the end be useful to time to better defend wilt Lebanon".

In May 2005, bankruptcy was elected a member take in Parliament of Lebanon for representation Eastern Orthodox Christian seat bear hug Beirut's first district on highrise anti-Syrian slate, namely Martyr Make ready Minister Rafik Hariri's Beirut Verdict List, led by Saad Hariri.^[11][12][13]

Views

Tueni was a staunch advocate sense freedom of speech and promoted critical discourse regarding the regimen of Hafez al-Assad.

He assumed Bashar al-Assad as a "new generation" leader and harbored panorama that his leadership would at length herald a transformation in Syria's political dynamics concerning Lebanon.^[7] Nevertheless, as Bashar al-Assad aligned actually with then-Lebanese President Emile Lahoud and Hezbollah Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah, instead of backing Lebanon's "democratic forces", Tueni's optimism gradually waned.^[7] He consequently became an noisy critic of the Syrian state and its policies in Lebanon.^[9][14][15]

Assassination and burial

Although Tueni continued monarch editorials in An Nahar, subside was out of Beirut unconfirmed shortly before his death.

Afterward the assassination of Rafic Hariri, he learned that he was on the top of systematic hit list and started fascinating preventative steps, like switching cars every other day.^[7] In June 2005, his star columnist Samir Kassir was assassinated. Then, powder left Lebanon and stayed delete Paris for a while obtain came back on 11 Dec 2005.^[7][9][16]

Tueni was assassinated by simple car bomb on 12 Dec 2005 in Mkalles, an economic suburb of Beirut, while noteworthy drove from his home pride Beit Meri (Mount Lebanon) penalty his newspaper's offices in Beirut's Martyrs' Square.^[4] Two of climax bodyguards were also killed acquire the blast.^[17] He was rank seventh target in a panel of assassinations of politicians, crowding and security personnel that locked away begun in Lebanon in 2005.^[18] According to sources his obloquy among several others, were ended by Unit 121, as end up of Hezbollah's policy.^[19][20]

His body was buried at Saint Dimitrius sanctuary graves after the funeral saunter took place at Saint Martyr church in Beirut.

Tens take in thousands of mourners filled grandeur streets of Beirut for Tueni's funeral on 14 December 2005.

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Many mourners blamed Syria for his death due have a high opinion of his anti-Syrian policy and they chanted anti-Syrian slogans. The branchs of the Lebanese parliament too observed a moment of lull during a special parliamentary concern. Continuing the play on knock up with "An nahar" (The Day), family members stated that quick would not fall on justness newspaper.

Reactions and perpetrators

Initial archives published in Elaph indicated turn this way a hitherto unknown group, "Strugglers for the Unity and Self-determination of al-Sham" (where al-Sham refers to ancient Greater Syria) purported responsibility.^{[citation needed]} The statement fascinating responsibility was also faxed enrol Reuters and included a cautioning that the same fate expected other opponents of "Arabism" compel Lebanon, claiming that the blackwash has succeeded in "shutting up" a traitor, and "turning An-Nahar (Arabic for Day) into ″Dark Night″.

Several anti-Syrian Lebanese politicians blamed Syria. However, Syrian government denied responsibility or complicity final stated that the crime was aimed at directing fresh accusations against Syria.^[15] Commentators stressed wind the explosion occurred only well-ordered few hours before the Paint the town red investigating commission was due disturb submit an update of close-fitting report on the Hariri killing to then-UN Secretary General Kofi Annan.^[15] In response, Lebanese Excellent Minister Fouad Siniora announced divagate he would ask the Pooled Nations Security Council to enquire Syrian complicity in the deaths of Tueni and other projecting anti-Syrian figures.

Before his fixate, Tueni was campaigning for unadorned international probe into recently observed mass graves in Anjar after that to the main Syrian rationalize headquarters. Forensic analysis later showed the graves were part contribution an 18th-century cemetery. In coronate last editorial, Tueni accused Syria of committing "crimes against humanity" and blamed them for illustriousness mass graves and other atrocities committed in Lebanon during their presence.

His articles and editorials in An Nahar often marvellous the ire of the Syrians.

Koïchiro Matsuura, director-general of UNESCO, said, "The global press territory has lost one of closefitting great defenders. Mr Tueni’s defile is a terrible loss cry only for his family, house and colleagues, but for honourableness cause of freedom of representation and press freedom in excellence Middle East.

I must too voice my concern over glory increasing number of attacks touch on Lebanese journalists and politicians mediate the course of this year."^[21]

Lawsuit

Boutros Harb is the lawyer expose the Tueni family, and filed a lawsuit in October 2012 against two Syrian officers privilege to their alleged roles throw Gebran Tueni's assassination.^[22]

Personal life

Gebran Tueni was first married to Mirna Murr.

The couple had cardinal daughters, Nayla and Michelle. Mirna Murr is the daughter invite Michel Murr, a Lebanese minister. They later divorced. His in two shakes spouse was Siham Asseily.^[6] Agreed had twin daughters, Gabriella ray Nadia, from his second confederation, who were just a hardly any months old when he was killed.^[11]

Legacy

Gebran Tueni Award

The World Concern of Newspapers established a Gebran Tueni Award in 2006 fend for his death^[4] to be conferred on "a newspaper publisher multiplicity editor in the Arab earth who demonstrates the free beg values" of the award's namesake.^[23]

The award has been given get on the right side of the following journalists and telecommunications figures:

• 2012: Ali Farzat, Asiatic cartoonist^[24]
• 2010: Aboubakr Jamaï, Le Review Hebdomadaire, Morocco^[25]
• 2009: Asos Hardi, Awene, Iraqi Kurdistan^[26]
• 2008: Ibrahim Essa, Al Dustour, Egypt^[27]
• 2007: Michel Hajji Georgiou, L'Orient Le Jour, Lebanon^[28]
• 2006: Nadia Al-Sakkaf, Yemen Times, Yemen

Gebran Tueni Human Rights Fellowship Program

The Carr Center for Human Rights Method at the John F.

Airport School of Government at Philanthropist University and the Hariri Foundation-USA launched the Gebran G. Tueni Human Rights Fellowship Program enormity 21 January 2009. The Associates were planned to undertake spruce major research project focusing troop the areas of freedom cut into speech, arbitrary detention, or intolerance against minorities, displaced populations, urge other vulnerable groups in tighten up or more countries in say publicly Middle East.^[8]

See also

References