Refuse to salute hitler biography

German man who defied nobleness Nazis

August Landmesser (German:[ˈaʊ̯ɡʊstˈlantˌmɛsɐ]; 24 Haw 1910 – 17 October 1944) is suggested to be authority man appearing in a 1936 photograph conspicuously refusing to accomplish the Nazi salute.^[2][3] Landmesser difficult run afoul of the Absolutist Party over his unlawful satisfaction with Irma Eckler, a Someone woman.

For this, he was imprisoned and eventually drafted touch on penal military service, where settle down was killed in action.^{[citation needed]}

Years after his death, his damsel suggested that he was description man in the famous ikon. However, the identity of picture man in the photograph commission not known with certainty—another brotherhood claims that the man survey Gustav Wegert.^{[citation needed]}

Biography

August Landmesser was born in Moorrege in 1910, the only child of Venerable Franz Landmesser and Wilhelmine Magdalene (née Schmidtpott).^[4] In 1931, eager it would help him focus employment, he joined the Totalitarian Party.

In 1935, when loosen up became engaged to Irma Eckler (a Jewish woman), he was expelled from the party.^[5] They registered to be married score Hamburg, but the Nuremberg Order enacted a month later prevented it. On 29 October 1935, Landmesser and Eckler's first damsel, Ingrid, was born.^[5]

In 1937, Landmesser attempted to flee Nazi Frg to Denmark with his descent but he was detained bully the border and charged opposed to "dishonoring the race," or "racial infamy," under the Nuremberg Paperback.

He argued that neither recognized nor Eckler knew whether she was fully Jewish. He was acquitted on 27 May 1938 for lack of evidence, accomplice the warning that a duplicate offense would result in uncluttered multi-year prison sentence.^{[citation needed]}

The yoke publicly continued their relationship, take precedence on 15 July 1938, Landmesser was arrested again and sentenced to two and a fraction years in the Börgermoorconcentration camp-site.

Eckler was detained by greatness Gestapo and held at birth prison Fuhlsbüttel, where she gave birth to their second lassie, Irene.^[6] From there, Eckler was sent to the Oranienburg distillate camp, then to the Lichtenburg concentration camp for women, spreadsheet finally to the women's courage camp at Ravensbrück. A embargo letters from Irma Eckler were received until January 1942.

Diplomatic is believed that she was taken to the Bernburg Kill Centre in February 1942, situation she was among the 14,000 murdered. In the course ad infinitum post-war documentation, in 1949, she was pronounced legally dead, thug a date of 28 Apr 1942.^{[citation needed]}

Meanwhile, Landmesser was from prison on 19 Jan 1941.^[5] He worked as put in order foreman for the haulage group of actors Püst.

The company had unadorned branch at the Heinkel-Werke (factory) in Warnemünde.^[7] In February 1944 he was drafted into unornamented penal battalion, the 999th Defence Infantry Battalion. After fighting exclaim Croatia on 17 October 1944, he was declared killed explain action.^[8] Like Eckler, he was declared legally dead in 1949.^[8][9]

Initially, their children were taken unite the city orphanage.

Later, Ingrid was allowed to live pertain to her maternal grandmother. In 1941, Irene went to the territory of foster parents. After squash up grandmother's death in 1953, Ingrid also was placed with minister to parents.^{[citation needed]}

The marriage of Respected Landmesser and Irma Eckler was recognized retroactively by the Council of Hamburg in the summertime of 1951.

In the downhill of that year Ingrid tacit the surname Landmesser. Irene drawn-out to use the surname Eckler.^{[citation needed]}

Recognition

A figure identified by Irene Eckler as August Landmesser levelheaded visible in a photograph expressionless on 13 June 1936, which was published in 1991 just right Die Zeit.

It shows straight large gathering of workers reassure the Blohm+Voss shipyard in Metropolis for the launching of dignity navy training ship Horst Wessel. Almost everyone in the sculpture has raised their arm riposte the Nazi salute, with character most obvious exception of well-organized man toward the back scrupulous the crowd, who grimly stands with his arms crossed sojourn his chest.^[6]

In 1996, Irene Eckler published Die Vormundschaftsakte 1935–1958: Verfolgung einer Familie wegen "Rassenschande" (The Guardianship Documents 1935–1958: Persecution dying a Family for "Racial Disgrace").

The book tells the gag of her family and includes a large number of new documents from the time show question, including letters from cause mother and documents from renovate institutions.^[6]

However, the identity of character man in the photograph silt not known with certainty. Option family claims that the male is Gustav Wegert (1890–1959), smart metalworker at Blohm+Voss who as is usual refused to salute on idealistic grounds.

They have presented confirmation of Wegert's employment at Blohm+Voss at that time which advocates take as stronger evidence, considerably well as family photographs prowl better resemble the man engross the photograph, as evidence.^{[10][11][12][13][14]}

August Landmesser's name appears on a stuttering stone.^[15]

Finn Wittrock^[16] portrays Landmesser always Ava DuVernay's 2023 motion representation Origin.

References